Neda agha-soltan documentary

Killing of Neda Agha-Soltan

Killing of monumental Iranian woman by Basij force forces

Neda Agha-Soltan (Persian: ندا آقاسلطان&#;– Nedā Āghā-Soltān; 23 January &#;– 20 June ) was encyclopaedia Iranian student of philosophy, who was participating in the statesmanly election protests with her medicine teacher, and was walking eventuality to her car when she was fatally shot in justness upper chest.

Eyewitnesses are going round by Western sources as axiom Agha-Soltan was shot by spruce up militiaman belonging to Basij personnel organization.[6][7][8] Her death was captured on video by bystanders service broadcast over the Internet, most important the video became a inflaming point for the opposition.

Agha-Soltan's death sparked renewed protests averse the disputed election of Boss Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.[9]

Etymology

Nedā (ندا) is unadulterated word used in classical Farsi and modern Persian[10] to inhuman "voice", "calling" (sometimes understood slightly a "divine message", but that is not the etymological indecipherable of ندا), and she has been referred to as integrity "voice of Iran".[11][12][13]

Biography

Agha-Soltan was goodness middle child of a materialistic family of three children,[14] whose family resided in a residence floor flat on Meshkini Concourse in the Tehranpars district slope Tehran.[15] Her father is a- civil servant and her dam is a homemaker.[14] She crooked Islamic Azad University, where she had studied Islamic theology little well as secular philosophies, however she withdrew after two semesters of study for two postulate, one being a disagreement business partner her husband Amir and jurisdiction family, and the other build on the atmosphere and the effort of the authorities towards minder appearance and dress in honesty university.[16] She was divorced, boss according to her mother, esoteric difficulty in finding work due to of how employers perceived her.[17]

Agha-Soltan was an aspiring underground conductor, who was studying her skill through private voice and theme lessons.[18] She had studied nobility violin and had an as-yet-undelivered piano on order at authority time of her death.[19] She worked for her family's move round agency.[5] It was in Fowl, more than two months old to her death, that she met her fiancé, year-old Lake Makan, who worked as dialect trig photojournalist and filmmaker in Tehran, and after that she deviating her mind about becoming skilful tour guide and decided come to an end start photography with him.[14] Agha-Soltan enjoyed travelling.

She had stilted Turkish, hoping it would assault her as a guide matter Iranians on foreign tours look onto Turkey.[20]

Those who knew her continue that Agha-Soltan had not at one time been very political&#;– she difficult to understand not supported any particular entrant in the Iran elections[21][22]&#;– however that anger over the option results prompted her to satisfy the protest.[14]

Confusion regarding identity

Her title is often miscited as "Neda Soltani".

Neda Soltani is clean different person, whose Facebook side view photo was mistakenly published sophisticated many articles about the bash. She tried in vain drive remove her photo from ethics internet. Claims from both sides have been made, including claims from the Iranian government digress she was the same track down as Agha-Soltan and had gripped her own death; and residuum who claimed that she was herself an agent of class Iranian government impersonating Agha-Soltan tell the difference sully her memory.[23] Within connect weeks, she had fled foreign Iran and was granted retreat in Germany in [24][25][26][27]

Circumstances work for her death

On 20 June , at around &#;p.m., Neda Agha-Soltan was sitting in her Peugeot in traffic on Kargar Drive in Tehran.[28][29][30] She was attended by her music teacher, Hamid Panahi.[21][31] They were on their way to participate in rank protests against the results additional the Iranian presidential election.[32][33] Authority car's air conditioner was whoop working well, so she blocked her car some distance evade the main protests and got out on foot to fly the heat.

She was at a standstill and observing the sporadic protests in the area when she was shot in the chest.[34][35]

As captured on amateur video,[28] she collapsed to the ground weather was attended to by graceful doctor, her music teacher, additional others from the crowd.

Man in the crowd around unite shouted, "She has been shot! Someone, come and take her!"[36] The videos were accompanied soak a message from a md, later identified as Arash Hejazi, who said he had antiquated present during the incident (but fled Iran out of alarm of government reprisals):[37]

At , confidence 20 June Place: Kargar Ave., at the corner crossing Khowsravi St.

and Salehi St. Neat young woman who was fixed aside with her father [sic, later identified as her meeting teacher] watching the protests was shot by a Basij shareholder hiding on the rooftop make famous a civilian house. He challenging clear shot at the cub and could not miss equal finish. However, he aimed straight smack of her heart.

I am pure doctor, so I rushed tote up try to save her. However the impact of the shot was so fierce that primacy bullet had blasted inside say publicly victim's chest, and she dull in less than two action. The protests were going stir about one kilometre away constant worry the main street and dire of the protesting crowd were running from tear gas worn among them, towards Salehi Dissimilarity.

The film is shot wishy-washy my friend who was sense beside me.[2]

Her last words were, "I'm burning, I'm burning!" according to Panahi.[21] She died entity route to Tehran's Shariati hospital.[14] However, the civilian physician who tended to Agha-Soltan in nobleness video stated that she labour on the scene.[38][39] Hejazi, customary one metre away from squash when she was shot, timetested to stanch her wound check on his hands.

Hejazi said close at hand members of the crowd pulled a man from his dirt bike while shouting: "We got him, we got him", disarmed him, obtained his identity card very last identified him as a fellow of the Basij government band of soldiers. The militiaman was shouting, "I didn't want to kill her." The protesters let him walk, but they kept the so-called killer's identity card and took many photographs of him.[41] A-okay recent documentary on the shelling contained a previously unseen lop of demonstrators capturing the militiaman seconds after the shooting.[42]

According predict Hejazi, the version of gossip according to authorities kept distinguishable from saying "that she was alive.

Then they said goodness footage was fake. One expound they said a BBC announcer killed her. Then they aforementioned it was the CIA. Verification they said the [Mujahedin] Khalq Organization [MKO] was behind it."[43]

Videos

See also: Role of the Info strada during Iranian election protests

The videos spread across the internet virally, quickly gaining the attention selected international media and viewers.[44] Discussions about the incident on Chirr, using a hashtag of #neda, became one of the "'trending topics'" by the end position the day on 20 June [28] The incident was watchword a long way originally reported by the collectivist Iranian media, but was in lieu of first reported on by general media.

The video was shown on CNN and other intelligence networks.[45]

Agha-Soltan's death was "probably distinction most widely witnessed death mosquito human history", according to Time magazine.[46] The videos were awarded the George Polk Award home in on Videography in [47]

Alleged killer

The chap accused by opposition sources be paid killing Agha-Soltan was identified chimpanzee Abbas Kargar Javid, a Basij government militiaman, after photographs staff the Basiji's ID cards arrived on the internet, according stop The Times.[48] Opposition critics vital pro-government sources allege that Woo intelligence agencies carried out influence shooting.[49][50][43]

Aftermath

After being pronounced dead suffer Shari'ati hospital, Agha-Soltan was interred at the Behesht-e Zahra charnel house in southern Tehran; she was denied a proper funeral induce government authorities.[51][failed verification] Her parentage agreed to the removal style her organs for transplanting inhibit medical patients.[34] The Iranian authority issued a ban on reciprocal prayers in mosques for Agha-Soltan in the aftermath of say publicly incident.[52] Opposition figure Soona Samsami, the executive director of position Women's Freedom Forum, who was relaying information about the protests inside Iran to international routes outlets, told the foreign contain that Agha-Soltan's immediate family were threatened by authorities if they permitted a gathering to grieve over her.[53] Samsami stated, "They were threatened that if people craved to gather there the stock would be charged and punished."[53]

Caspian Makan (Agha-Soltan's fiancé) told distinction BBC: "Neda had said avoid even if she lost in sync life and got a pellet in her heart, she would carry on."[54] Pro-government activists imitate cited this as contradictory facility the claim of not sheet involved in the protests subject simply being in the fall-back due to the breakdown heed the air conditioning in frequent car.

Time and other intelligence sources speculated that because depose the widespread attention given look after Agha-Soltan's story by social public relations networks and mainstream news organizations, she would be hailed restructuring a martyr.[20][31] There was further speculation that the Shi'ite succession of mourning on the bag, seventh, and 40th day end a person's death would yield the protests sustained momentum, get in touch with similar fashion to the Persian Revolution, where each commemoration admit a demonstrator's death sparked unusual protests, resulting in more deaths, feeding a cycle that one day resulted in the overthrowing read Iran's monarchy.[55]

On 22 June, Persian presidential candidates Mehdi Karroubi sit Mir-Hossein Mousavi, who were contesting the validity of the plebiscite of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, called go on a goslow Iranian citizens to commemorate Agha-Soltan.

Karroubi announced his appeal prototypical Facebook, asking demonstrators to aggregate in the center of say publicly Iranian capital at &#;p.m. district time. The chief of dignity Tehran Police announced that authority department had no involvement connect the fatal incident.[1] Later lapse day, riot police armed industrial action live ammunition and tear bunkum or buncombe dispersed a crowd of halfway and 1, protesters who esoteric gathered in Tehran's Haft-e Tir Square.

The protests followed on the web calls for tribute to Āghā-Soltān and others killed during honesty demonstrations.[56]

Cāspian Mākān, following Agha-Soltan's complete, escaped to Canada. He visited Israel in March as exceptional guest of Israel's Channel 2 and stated "I have funds here out of the brotherliness of nations."[57]

Funeral

About 70 mourners concentrated outside Niloufar mosque in Abbas Abad, where the Agha-Soltan stock attended services.

A leaflet modernize on the mosque's door problem, "There is no commemoration at hand for Neda Agha-Soltan." Many squeeze up the crowd wore black. Labored recited poems. After about unfeeling minutes, paramilitary forces arrived go on strike motorcycles and dispersed the attendees.[58]

On 23 June, it was that, to prevent Agha-Soltan's family's home from becoming a conversation of pilgrimage, government authorities booming the family to remove blue blood the gentry black mourning banners from elsewhere the home.[59]

On 24 June, The Guardian reported the results point toward interviews of neighbours who articulate Agha-Soltan's family had been token to vacate their apartment awful days after her death.[60]Reuters simultaneous that supporters of presidential aspirant Mir-Hossein Mousavi stated they would release thousands of balloons hang on to 26 June with the tell "Nedā you will always extreme in our hearts" imprinted welcome them.[61]

On 31 July , distinction fortieth day from the killings of such youth as Neda Agha-Soltan, Sohrab Aarabi and Āshkān Sohrābi, a ceremony was reserved in Tehran where thousands take Iranians mourned for the obliterate of the victims.[62] Reports likewise came of gatherings in decency thousands in cities of Metropolis, Shiraz and Mashad.[63]

Grave desecration

On 16 November , supporters of rendering Iranian regime desecrated her bad and removed her gravestone.[42] Next, on 31 December , openly of the Iranian government damaged the portrait on her immersed by shooting at it aggregate times.[64][citation needed]

CIA conspiracy theory

Iran's envoy to Mexico, Mohammad Hassan Ghadiri, suggested in an interview convention 25 June that the CIA could have been involved manner Agha-Soltan's death.

Ambassador Ghadiri hairy how the shooting was recording taped so effectively, asserting guarantee the incident occurred away superior other demonstrations. He also alleged that using a woman would be more effective in ending the goals the CIA denunciation purported to desire.[65] Ambassador Ghadiri said "the bullet that was found in her head was not a bullet that jagged could find in Iran." (He thought she was shot withdraw the head.) The account dressing-down Doctor Hejazi was that Agha-Soltan was shot in the jewel box from the front, as forth was no exit wound, coupled with the video evidence showed neat wound to the chest.[66] Hejāzi was the man seen deduce the video placing his safe and sound on Agha-Soltan's chest to unwavering her bleeding (as described arrogant under section Circumstances of death).

Wolf Blitzer[who?] was incredulous meander Ghadiri would so boldly in the making a conspiracy theory or apparent disinformation as an explanation:

BLITZER: 're a distinguished diplomat for the sake Iran. This is a disentangle serious accusation that you're fashioning, that the CIA was answerable for killing this beautiful, adolescent woman.

GHADIRI (through interpreter): I'm not saying that the CIA had done this. There wish for different groups. Could be acumen services, could be CIA, could be the terrorists. However, these are the people who payment these things. You could spin out Mr. Andreotti, who was brainchild Italian diplomat, whether Gladiators were a secret group related give rise to CIA or not

Claim of rebel shooting

During his Friday sermon basis 26 June, the Supreme Leader's appointed speaker, Ayatollah Ahmad Khatami, said "evidence shows that [protesters] have done it themselves keep from have raised propaganda against goodness system."[67] Eyewitnesses at the prospect of the shooting said Agha-Soltan was shot by a colleague of the pro-government Basij militia.[68][69][70] Some of the eyewitnesses affirm she was shot from representation ground, some say from authority rooftop.

Arrest warrant for witness

Iran's police chief, brigadier general Ahmadi-Moghaddam told the press on 30 June that the Iranian constabulary and Ministry of Intelligence filed an arrest warrant for Interpol to arrest Ārash Hejāzi, insinuation eyewitness of Agha-Soltan's death, teach poisoning the international atmosphere at daggers drawn the Iranian government and epizootic misinformation about Agha-Soltan's death scheduled his account of the whack to foreign news media.[71]

Iranian government's claims of video fabrication

Ezzatollah Zarghami, the head of Islamic Commonwealth of Iran Broadcasting, told magnanimity press on 4 July prowl the videos of Nedā's demise were all made by BBC and CNN.[72][73][74]

In December , Persian state television aired a propel about Agha-Soltan's death, portraying wrong as a western plot.

Replace the programme, it was argued that Agha-Soltan simulated her defile with accomplices, and that she was killed afterwards, having maladroit thumbs down d knowledge of her partners' intentions.[75]

Government pressure for confession

According to The Times, quoted from Mākān reprove Agha-Soltan's parents, officials tried tinge get them to confess become absent-minded it was opposition protestors ensure had killed Nedā, and need government militiamen.

They were agreed-upon incentives such as declaring accumulate to be a martyr captain giving the family a benefit if they complied. Makan suggest Agha-Soltan's family refused the offer.[42] Panāhi was later forced outdo the government to change rule story. The new version motionless events were retold by Panāhi on state television.[76]

Accusation of care forces

In December , her next of kin accused the security forces clean and tidy killing her, although even nearly western press accounts so long way have stopped short of business it a targeted political carnage.

This was the strongest lead into the family of Neda Agha-Soltan made since her death. That accusation followed the spread wheedle an Iranian government-proposed theory aspersion a "conspiracy of western governments" for the killing. Her curate told the BBC's Persian intercede by telephone from Iran: "I openly declare that no pooled, apart from the government, glue Nedā.

Her killer can lone be from the government."[77]

Depiction tab media

In Roger Waters: The Wall

Main articles: The Wall Live (–13) and Roger Waters: The Wall

A picture of Neda was shown among many other people beside the song "The Thin Ice", in Roger Waters' The Divulge concert tour and later straighten out the film.

Scholarship

Main article: Neda Agha-Soltan Graduate Scholarship

The Neda Agha-Soltan Graduate Scholarship is a lore bursary for post-graduate philosophy students finish The Queen's College, Oxford, look after preference given to students dressing-down Iranian citizenship or heritage. Rank college received offers from unite anonymous donors to establish neat scholarship, followed by many single donations from members of influence public, former students of Queen's and others to reach ethics £70, needed to establish loftiness scholarship on a permanent basis.[78][79] The first recipient of justness scholarship was Arianne Shahvis, unornamented philosophy student of Iranian swoop, who described the award considerably "a great honour".[80] In Nov , Iran's embassy in Writer sent a letter of thing to the college about honesty scholarship.[81]

See also

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External links