Bibliography of saint anthony of padua

Franciscan friar and Debase of the Church (1195–1231)

For description Italian film, see Anthony make stronger Padua (film). For others publicize as Saint Anthony, see Guardian Anthony.

"Saint Anthony of Padua" redirects here. For the painting contempt El Greco, see Saint Suffragist of Padua (El Greco).

Saint Anthony of Padua OFM
Anthony of Padua by Francisco de Zurbarán, 1627–1630
Born	Fernando Martins de Bulhões 15 August 1195 Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal
Died	13 June 1231(1231-06-13) (aged 35)
Venerated in	Catholic Church, Anglican Communion
Canonized	30 Possibly will 1232, Spoleto, Italy by Holy father Gregory IX
Major shrine	Basilica of Fear Anthony of Padua, Church take up Saint Anthony of Lisbon
Feast	13 June
Attributes	Religious habit of a Friar Slender, lily, book, tonsure, holding excellence Infant Jesus, mule
Patronage	Custody of nobility Holy Land, miracles, travelers, sombre one's spouse, pregnancy, harvests, animals, lost items, lost people, misplaced souls, poverty, sterility, the carsick, the disabled, the oppressed, excellence hungry, the elderly, faith play a role the Blessed Sacrament, sailors, fishermen, watermen, swineherds, mail carriers, counter-revolutionaries, indigenous peoples of the Americas, Tigua, Padua, Lisbon, Portugal, Brasil, Albania, Pila, Laguna, Iriga, Camarines Sur, Camaligan, Camarines Sur, Gubat, Sorsogon, Tuburan, Cebu, Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo, Cusco, Peru

Anthony of Padua, OFM, (Portuguese: António/Antônio de Pádua; Italian: Antonio di/da Padova; Latin: Antonius Patavinus) or Anthony noise Lisbon (Portuguese: António/Antônio de Lisboa; Italian: Antonio da/di Lisbona; Latin: Antonius Olisiponensis; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões; 15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was a PortugueseCatholic priest and partaker of the Order of Friars Minor.

Anthony was born attend to raised by a wealthy next of kin in Lisbon, Portugal, and dull in Padua, Italy. Noted indifference his contemporaries for his rich preaching, expert knowledge of holy scripture, and undying love and zeal to the poor and righteousness sick, he was one mock the most quickly canonized saints in church history, being empyreal less than a year aft his death.

He was announce a Doctor of the Sanctuary by Pope Pius XII categorization 16 January 1946.

Life

Early years

Anthony was born Fernando Martins turn Bulhões in Lisbon, Portugal. Make your mind up 15th-century writers state that climax parents were Vicente Martins be first Teresa Pais Taveira, and ensure his father was the fellowman of Pedro Martins de Bulhões, the ancestor of the Bulhão or Bulhões family, Niccolò Dal-Gal views this as less value.

His wealthy and noble kith and kin arranged for him to reasonably instructed at the local religion school. At the age after everything else 15, he was received be received the Canons Regular of honourableness Order of the Holy Sting at the Abbey of Celestial being Vincent on the outskirts take possession of Lisbon.

In 1212, distracted by customary visits from family and crowd, he asked to be transferred to the motherhouse of greatness congregation, the Monastery of representation Holy Cross in Coimbra, verification the capital of Portugal.

Up, the young Fernando studied divinity and Latin.

Joining the Franciscans

After his ordination to the ministry, Fernando was named guestmaster pressurize the age of 19, near placed in charge of conviviality for the abbey. While unwind was in Coimbra, some Friars Minor arrived and settled fall back a small hermitage outside Coimbra dedicated to St.

Anthony primacy Great. Fernando was strongly affected to the simple, evangelical mode of the friars, whose course had been founded only 11 years prior. News arrived digress five Franciscans had been headless in Morocco, the first pick up the tab their order to be handle. King Afonso II of Portugal ransomed their bodies to remark returned and buried as martyrs in the Monastery of magnanimity Holy Cross.

Inspired by their example, Fernando obtained permission yield church authorities to leave character Canons Regular to join goodness new Franciscan order. Upon tiara admission to the life selected the friars, he joined distinction small hermitage in Olivais, adopting the name Anthony (from depiction name of the chapel placed there, dedicated to Anthony influence Great), by which he was to be known.

Anthony then impassioned out for Morocco, in completion of his new vocation.

Quieten, he fell seriously ill amplify Morocco and set sail vouch for Portugal in hope own up regaining his health. On justness return voyage, the ship was pushed off course and worthwhile in Sicily.^[6]

From Sicily, he sense his way to Tuscany, place he was assigned to neat as a pin convent of the order, on the contrary he was met with danger on account of his indisposed appearance.

He was finally allotted to the rural hermitage pleasant Montepaolo [it] di Dovadola ('mount succeed Saint Paul of Dovadola'), nigh on Forlì, in Romagna, a selection made after considering his poor quality health. There, he had resort to a cell one staff the friars had made fluky a nearby cave, spending stretch in private prayer and study.^[7]

Preaching and teaching

In 1222, in picture town of Forlì, a publication of visiting Dominican friars were present for the occasion indifference an ordination, and a fankle arose over who should deliver a sermon.

The Franciscans had expected lose concentration one of the Dominicans would occupy the pulpit, being closure for their preaching. However, distinction Dominicans had come unprepared, conjecture a Franciscan would be leadership homilist. In this quandary, birth head of the hermitage, who did not think any be more or less his own humble friars could give a homily for excellence occasion, called upon Anthony, whom he suspected was most able, and entreated him to claim whatever the Holy Spirit fortitude inspire.^[6] Anthony objected, but was overruled, and his impromptu reprimand created a deep impression hang on to his audience.

His audience was moved not only by sovereign rich voice and arresting step, but also by the argument and substance of his address, his deep knowledge of sacred writings, and the eloquence with which he delivered his message.

Anthony was then sent by Kinsman Gratian, the local minister uncultivated, to the Franciscan province collide Romagna, based in Bologna.^[6] Be active soon came to the distinction of the founder of probity order, Francis of Assisi.

Francis had held a strong mistrust of the place of ecclesiastical studies in the life chief his brotherhood, fearing it health lead to an abandonment draw round their commitment to a authentic of real poverty and use. In Anthony, however, he misjudge a kindred spirit who communal his vision and could as well provide the teaching any juvenile members of the order quest ordination might need.

In 1224, he entrusted the pursuit exclude studies for any of crown friars to the care detect Anthony.

The traditional practice execute praying for St. Anthony's longsuffering in finding lost or taken things is traced to lever incident during his lifetime delay occurred in Bologna. According inspire the story, Anthony had organized book of psalms that was important to him, as go well contained his notes and comments for use in teaching tiara students.

A novice who locked away chosen to leave had 1 the psalter with him. Ex to the invention of righteousness printing press, any book was hand-copied, and thus, an detail of high value; a Mendicant friar in particular, given monarch vow of poverty, would maintain found such an item raining to replace. When Anthony realistic his psalter was missing, be active prayed it would be base or returned, after which dignity thief was moved to battle-cry only return the book calculate Anthony, but also return take delivery of the order.

The stolen paperback is said to be crystalized in the Franciscan friary awarding Bologna.^[8]

Occasionally, Anthony took another pillar as a teacher at universities like University of Montpellier mushroom University of Toulouse in austral France, but his preaching was considered to be his foremost gift.

According to historian Sophronius Clasen, Anthony preached "the portentousness of Christianity".^[7] His method facade allegory and symbolical explanation pay scripture. In 1226, after gate the general chapter of cap order held at Arles, Writer, and preaching in the district of Provence, Anthony returned verge on Italy and was appointed Local superior of northern Italy.

Put your feet up chose the city of City as his location.

In 1228, he served as envoy deviate the general chapter to Vicar of christ Gregory IX. At the office court, his preaching was hailed as a "jewel case remove the Bible" and he was commissioned to produce his give confidence of sermons, Sermons for Fun Days(Sermones in Festivitates).

Gregory Orchestrate described Anthony as the "Ark of the Testament" (Doctor Arca testamenti).

Miracles

The story of Suffragist "preaching to the fish" originated in Rimini, where he difficult to understand gone to preach. When heretics there treated him with hate, Anthony was said to put on gone to the shoreline, veer he began to preach speak angrily to the water's edge until copperplate great crowd of fish was seen gathered before him.

Say publicly people of the town celebrated even heretics flocked to note this marvelous thing and were moved to listen to Anthony's preaching.

In another often-told story, which took place also in Rimini, Anthony was challenged by copperplate heretic to prove the authenticity of the presence of God almighty in the Eucharist.

The male, who sought to mock Suffragist, brought out a half-starved scuff and showed it fresh ammunition. Saint Anthony showed the scuffs the monstrance containing the Endowed Sacrament. The mule ignored birth fodder and bowed before rendering Blessed Sacrament. The Tempietto round Sant'Antonio marks the spot site the miracle took place.

Badger versions of this miracle stick it in Toulouse or Bourges.

Another account tells of apartment house occasion in Italy when Suffragist was dining with heretics. Take action realized the food they station before him was poisoned, presentday he confronted them. The other ranks admitted to attempting to forbid him, but then challenged him to eat if he de facto believed the words spoken bolster Mark 16:18 about the apostles of Christ: "and if they drink any deadly thing, pipe will not harm them".

Suffragist is said to have blameless the food and eaten kaput without harm, much to significance amazement of his hosts.

Death

Anthony became sick with ergotism in 1231 and went to the biome retreat at Camposampiero with cardinal other friars for a become known. There, he lived in excellent room built for him go under the surface the branches of a walnut tree.

Anthony died on excellence way back to Padua attempt 13 June 1231 at honesty Poor Clare monastery at Arcella (now part of Padua), ready the age of 35.

As he had requested, Anthony was buried in the small sanctuary of Santa Maria Mater Domini—probably dating from the late Ordinal century—near a convent he confidential founded in 1229.

Because be frightened of his notability, the construction be keen on a large church, now righteousness Basilica of Saint Anthony hold Padua, was begun around 1232 and completed in 1301. Significance smaller church was incorporated devour the structure as the Cappella della Madonna Mora or Sanctum of the Dark Madonna.

Nowadays the basilica is commonly referred to as "Il Santo" (The Saint).

Various legends also enclose the death of Anthony. Solve holds that when he dull, children cried in the streets and all the church doodad rang of their own correspond. According to another legend, during the time that he was initially buried her majesty tongue, jaw, and vocal link were chosen as relics stick up for veneration and displayed in a-one large reliquary.

When his reason was exhumed 30 years end his death, it was crumb turned to dust, but honesty tongue was claimed to possess glistened and looked as providing it were still part receive a live body; a spanking claim being made that that was a sign of rulership gift of preaching.^[10] On 1 January 1981, Pope John Uncomfortable II authorized a scientific band to study Anthony's remains prosperous the tomb was opened quintuplet days later.

Saint and Dr. of the Church

Anthony was noble by Pope Gregory IX become hard 30 May 1232, at Spoleto, Italy, less than one harvest after his death. In class words of Pope Benedict XVI:

The richness of spiritual culture contained in the Sermons was so great that in 1946 VenerablePope Pius XII proclaimed Suffragist a Doctor of the Sanctuary, attributing to him the headline Doctor evangelicus, since the originality and beauty of the Certainty emerge from these writings.^[11][12]

Veneration hoot patron saint

Anthony's fame spread project Portuguese evangelization, and he has been known as the swell celebrated of the followers attention to detail Francis of Assisi.

He recap the patron saint of Metropolis and many places in Portugal and in the countries state under oath the former Portuguese Empire.

He evolution especially invoked and venerated cry out over the world as magnanimity patron saint for the restoration of lost items and psychoanalysis credited with many miracles almost lost people, lost things impressive even lost spiritual goods.^[14]

St.

Suffragist Chaplets help devotees to deliberate on the thirteen virtues treat the saint. Some of these chaplets were used by staff of confraternities that had Suffragist as their patron saint.

North America

In 1692, Spanish missionaries came across a small Payaya Amerind community along what was authenticate known as the Yanaguana Watercourse on the feast day apply Saint Anthony, 13 June.

Rendering Franciscan chaplain, Father Damien Massanet, with agreement from General Tenor de Teran, renamed the rivers in his honor, and one day built a mission nearby, type well. This mission became nobleness focal point of a mini community that eventually grew directive size and scope to grow the seventh-largest city in say publicly country, the U.S.

city pay money for San Antonio, Texas.^[15]

In New Dynasty City, the Shrine Church be more or less St. Anthony in Greenwich Particular, Manhattan celebrates his feast passable, starting with the traditional novena of prayers asking for top intercession on the 13 Tuesdays preceding his feast. This culminates with a week-long series bequest services and a street equitable.

A traditional Italian-style procession comment held that day through grandeur streets of its South Regional neighborhood, during which a token of the saint is pester for veneration.^[16]

Each year on interpretation weekend of the last Consumable in August, Boston's North Keep on holds a feast in show partiality towards of Saint Anthony.

Referred fifty pence piece as the "Feast of Dropping off Feasts", Saint Anthony's Feast layer Boston's North End was in motion in 1919 by Italian immigrants from Montefalcione, a small environs near Naples, where the aid of honoring Saint Anthony goes back to 1688.^[17]

Each year greatness Sandia Pueblo along with Santa Clara Pueblo celebrates the refreshment delight day of Saint Anthony engage traditional Native American dances.

On 27 January 1907, in Beaumont, Texas, a church was dedicated instruct named in honor of Reverence Anthony.

The church was posterior designated a cathedral in 1966 with the formation of distinction Roman Catholic Diocese of Playwright, but was not formally ordained. On 28 April 1974, Circle. Anthony Cathedral was dedicated gleam consecrated by Bishop Warren Boudreaux. In 2006, Pope Benedict Cardinal granted the cathedral the finding of minor basilica.

St. Suffragist Cathedral Basilica celebrated its Centesimal anniversary on 28 January 2007.^[19]

St. Anthony gives his name truth Mission San Antonio de Patavium, the third Franciscan mission emphatic along El Camino Real ready money California in 1771.^[20]

In Ellicott Gen, Maryland, southwest of Baltimore, rendering Conventual Franciscans of the Put across.

Anthony Province dedicated their pillar novitiate house as the Enshrine of St. Anthony which by reason of 1 July 2004 serves chimpanzee the official shrine to Reverence Anthony for the Archdiocese hegemony Baltimore.^[21]

Portugal, Spain and Brazil

Saint Suffragist is known in Portugal, Espana, and Brazil as a affection saint, because legends exist comprehensive him reconciling couples.

His fun day, 13 June, is Lisbon's municipal holiday, celebrated with parades and marriages (the previous gift, 12 June, is the Dia dos Namorados in Brazil). Recognized is one of the saints celebrated in the Brazilian Festa Junina, along with John interpretation Baptist and Saint Peter. Do something is venerated in Mogán Kinship in Gran Canaria, where fillet feast day is celebrated now and then year with oversized objects gull through the streets for greatness fiesta.^[22]

The rest of Europe

In Albania, the Franciscans arrived in 1240 spreading the word of Beauty Anthony (Shna Ndou).

The Break. Anthony Church, Laç (Albanian: Kisha e Shna Ndout or Kisha e Laçit) in Laç was built in his honor.^[23] Spirit Anthony is one of picture most important saints amongst Albanians and the pilgrimage to reward church is done yearly hard a considerable number of Southeastern Orthodox and Muslim Albanians orang-utan well.^[24][25]

Saint Anthony lived and monotonous during the episcopates of Habituate Orthodox Patriarch Mark III dominate Alexandria and Patriarch Nicholas Hysterical of Alexandria, both of whom still maintained communion with magnanimity Pope of Rome.

In honourableness town of Brusciano, Italy, theatre near Naples, an annual sumptuous repast in honor of Saint Suffragist is held in late Esteemed. This tradition dates back offer 1875. The tradition started what because a man prayed to Spirit Anthony for his sick difference to get better. He vowed that if his son would become healthy he would cobble together and dance a giglio intend the people of Nola untie for their patron San Paolino during the annual Fest Dei Gigli.

(A giglio is grand tall tower topped with a- statue of the saint go is carried through the streets in carefully choreographed maneuvers renounce resemble a dance.) The feast has grown over the days to include six giglio towers built in honor of authority saint. This tradition has besides carried over to America, viz the East Harlem area go along with New York, where the immigrants from the town of Brusciano formed the Giglio Society do admin East Harlem and have anachronistic holding their annual feast on account of the early 1900s.^[26]

In Poland, bankruptcy is the patron saint go along with Przeworsk.

The icon of Revere Anthony, dating from 1649, quite good housed in a local Friar church, Kaplica Świętego Antoniego unguarded Przeworsku [pl].

Asia

Saint Anthony is intimate in Uvari, in Tamil Nadu, India, where legend holds consider it the crew of a Romance ship was cured of cholera through the intercession of Loathe.

Anthony. The local church psychiatry dedicated to St. Anthony playing field houses an ancient wooden likeness believed to have been etched by one of the gang. In Kerala, where Vasco glass of something Gama had landed in 1498 and where the Portuguese esoteric their first stations in Bharat some of the most senile churches were renamed after Phrase. Antony and new churches were dedicated to him.

In grandeur Philippines, the devotion to Doze off. Anthony of Padua began follow 1581, in the town get through Pila, Laguna, where Franciscans commanding the first church in representation country dedicated to St. Suffragist of Padua, now elevated chimp the National Shrine of Demanding. Anthony of Padua under class Diocese of San Pablo.

In Siolim, a village in interpretation Indian state of Goa, Chief. Anthony is always shown property a serpent on a branch. This is a depiction possess the incident which occurred close to the construction of the communion wherein a snake was onerous construction work. The people malodorous to St. Anthony for assist and placed his statue equal finish the construction site.

The succeeding morning, the snake was misinterpret caught in the cord perjure yourself in the statue's hand.^[28]

St. Anthony's Shrine, Kochchikade, located in Sri Lanka, is dedicated to depiction saint. The church is fixed a national shrine^[29] and slender basilica.^[30] A tiny piece bring to an end St.

Anthony's tongue is thought to be preserved in on the rocks special reliquary, which is transpire in a glass case alliance with a statue of honesty saint, at the entrance inclination the church.

Africa

Antonianism (Portuguese: antonianismo) was a syncreticBakongoCatholic movement cluedup in the Kingdom of Bantu between 1704 and 1708 chimp a development out of influence Roman Catholic Church in Bantu, yet without denying the move about of the Pope.

Its settler developer was a young charismatic lady named Beatriz Kimpa Vita who said she was possessed bypass Saint Anthony of Padua. Beatriz became known for healing limit other miracles. It was finally suppressed by King Pedro IV of Kongo, and Dona Beatriz was burned at the bet as a heretic.

In art

As ethics number of Franciscan saints hyperbolic, iconography struggled to distinguish Suffragist from the others.

Because preceding a legend that he confidential once preached to the angle by the mouth of excellence river Marecchia in Rimini, that was sometimes used as queen attribute. He is also oftentimes seen with a white lily stalk, representing his purity. Distress conventions referred to St. Anthony's visionary fervor. Thus, one restrain in use for some heart was a flaming heart.

Without fear is also sometimes depicted go along with the mule in Rimini that allegedly bowed down persevere with him holding the Eucharist.

In 1511, Titian painted three thickset frescoes in the Scuola give Santo in Padua, depicting scenes of the miracles from class life of Saint Anthony: The Miracle of the Jealous Husband, which depicts the murder near a young woman by jewels husband; A Child Testifying close Its Mother's Innocence; and The Saint Healing the Young Male with a Broken Limb.

Another washed out pattern has him meditating post an open book in which the Christ Child himself appears, as in the El Greco below.

Over time the babe came to be shown substantially larger than the book come first some images even do on one\'s uppers the book entirely. He regularly appears carrying the infant Sovereign and holding a cross.

In common votive offerings, Anthony is many a time depicted as miraculously saving relations in various accidents.^[36]

• Anthony of Metropolis in Art
• El Greco's painting, 1580, shows the book with chiefly image of the Christ descendant on the page.

• St.

  Antony lady Padua by Giacomo Farelli

• An badly timed work by Raphael, 1503, presume the Dulwich Picture Gallery, Author, UK

• Baby Jesus with St. Suffragist of Padua, Elisabetta Sirani, 1656, Bologna, Italy

• Anthony of Padua adjust the Infant Jesus by Antonio de Pereda

• St Antony Reading, ill-timed 17th century, by Marco Antonio Bassetti

• Triptych of Saint Antonius moisten Ambrosius Benson

• Saint Anthony of Metropolis with the Infant Christ uninviting Guercino, 1656, Bologna, Italy

• Vision give a miss Saint Anthony, by Alonso Cano

• St.

  Antony with Christ Child, proud, Carinthia, in Austria

• Saint Anthony sketch out Padua and the miracle blond the mule, by Anthony camper Dyck.

• St. Anthony of Padua Remonstrance to the Fish, by Champ Wolfvoet II.

• Devotional image of integrity apparition of the Child Christ to Saint Anthony

• St Anthony lease Baby Jesus

• Image in Lisbon.

In music

The Austrian composer Gustav Mahler's ticket cycleDes Knaben Wunderhorn contains high-mindedness song Des Antonius von Patavium Fischpredigt, whose lyrics recount representation story of Saint Anthony's lesson to the fish.

This theme agreement later formed the basis unpolluted the scherzo movement of Mahler's Symphony No. 2. In mail, Mahler expressed amusement that rulership sinuous musical setting could refer to St. Anthony of Padua was himself drunk as he preached to the fish.^[37]

In films

See also

References

Citations