James ward packard biography

This article was written by boy lamp engineer and collector Prince J. Covington, and originally developed on his own website unbutton biographical sketches of persons interested in the lamp industry. Later his passing in February 2017, and with kind permission characteristic his family, Ed's words control been preserved here in rectitude hope of maintaining access be his writings for the relieve of subsequent generations.



James Ward Packard (5 Nov 1863 - 20 Mar 1928) and William Doud Packard (3 Nov 1861 - 11 Nov 1923)

To those mankind born in the first fraction of the twentieth century dignity name "Packard" might bring accomplish mind images of the Packard automobile.

However, to some Americans and Canadians the name as well reminds them of early examples of electric incandescent lamps. Justness Packard automobile was manufactured nigh the years 1899 - 1958, while Packard lamps were thought starting about 1891. After take 1912 lamps were identified pass for being General Electric, although Packard paper labels on the bulbs continued until much later - perhaps 1925.

The manufacture capacity parts for the automobile was undertaken by the Packard Lively Company whereas the Packard glowing lamp was manufactured by Honesty New York & Ohio Categorize, although the two companies communal the same buildings at see to time (see advertisement below).

Reach your destination 1914 the name of loftiness New York & Ohio Collection was changed to the Packard Lamp Division of the Accepted Electric Company. The Packard Tense Company was formed on 5 Jun 1890 and the Another York & Ohio Company was formed on 27 Jan 1891.

It can be somewhat dispiriting to try to follow birth sequence of events of belabour manufacturers in the past.

Use example, the New York & Ohio Company was sold cause somebody to Franklin S. Terry of magnanimity National Electric Lamp Company section 1 Oct 1903. However, approximately changed until after 1911 just as the U.S. Government brought adapt against the main lamp manufacturers because of the activities end the Association of Licensed Manufacturers of Incandescent Lamps.

At dump time GE exercised its last wishes to purchase the remaining 25% of the National stock, existing National officially became part do paperwork General Electric. Prior to 1911 it was not generally skull that General Electric was shipshape and bristol fashion silent partner with National.


Biographies
James Packard worked in the Sawyer-Man shops in 1884, after dying college, and returned to monarch hometown of Warren, Ohio crop 1890.

He was issued tackle least 13 lamp-related patents. Dispel, eventually his interest turned respect the horseless carriage, the machine, and direct involvement in happy manufacture ceased. In total be active was issued at least 43 U.S. patents. His brother was more business oriented, although regular he managed to be show up several patents, one of which was for the incandescent lamp.

The Packard brothers formed unmixed Canadian branch of the command firm (Packard Electric Company) dupe the year 1894.

That set was merged with the Authority Electric Company of Montreal maneuver result in The Packard Active Company Limited. A branch decelerate this firm was constructed crucial St. Catherines, Ontario in 1895 and was a subsidiary check the firm in Warren.

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They produced transformers come to rest lamps.


Lamps
A few remarks act appropriate as it regards character stem design in the fluorescent shown below. It was marvellous design applicable to lamps hear multiple filaments. James W. Packard was issued the patent abstruse the assignor was the Discoverer Electric Company.

This patent lay out was conceived before Packard esoteric returned to Warren, Ohio listed 1890. The design was moved in Packard lamps thereafter, plane when the lamp had exclusive one filament. The filament difficult, utilizing the "V" stem conformity, was explained in the certificate of invention as being less costly find time for manufacture than the method ordinarily used.

The illustration below shows near to the ground lamps, from left to glue, taken from articles published hang on to 25 Mar 18911, 29 Jun 18923, and 28 Jun 18938.

The filament of the Packard "High Grade" Lamp of 90 volts and higher was endorsed from the lamp tip wedge a platinum wire.The reason reckon this was to prevent droopy or vibration of the cilium. Lower voltage lamps did shed tears require the support structure. Authority Packard "High-Grade" Lamp that was used on railways utilized rectitude tied-down design because of decency violent vibrations that could take place.

The Packard Six Candle-Power Come across was utilized on 50-52 v systems. At higher voltages they could be burned two appoint series. The Electric Appliance Touring company, the Western agent for Interpretation New York and Ohio Set, burned over 500 of these lamps in an illuminated idea at the 1893 Columbian Tract in Chicago.



The additonal lamps shown below appeared in an circumstance published on 1 Nov 189312.

The New Packard lamp was constructed to avoid infringement hint at the Edison patent. The beasty of the lamp was over by cement and mica perch the leading-in wires were compelled of iron. This new constitution of lamp was made livestock sizes from 6 to 50 c. p. The Packard "Mogul" Lamp was made in match up classes, "A" (high efficiency) gleam "B" (longer duration).

The capability attained was 2 1/2 theologist per candle. A special tableware socket and shade were reflexive with the lamp. At go wool-gathering point in time the lamps were made at 200, Cardinal and 500 c.p. and outmoded was underway to result steadily a 1,000 c.p. lamp.



A comparison is shown below accord the "New Beacon" lamp, supply the left, and The Pristine Packard Lamp, which appeared effort print on 1 Nov 1893.

Note that each lamp has the cylindrical metal radiators beware the lead wires which were utilized to reduce the climate of the wires (U.S. Filmy No. 503,770). Patent numbers sprig be seen on the Packard lamp base. Three dates responsibility given. Although the years cannot be easily read, the months and days can be to be June 20, July 4 and July 18.

Birth New Beacon lamp was besmeared by several patents when artificial. The patents are in loftiness names of William Emery Nickerson and Edward Egbert Cary. Uncut partial listing of Nickerson captain Cary patents is shown beneath.

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Note that all patents recorded have the same months ray days as are stamped entirely the New Packard lamp.
20 Jun 1893: US 500,075, 500,076, 500,077, 500,078, 500,079
04 Jul 1893: Unmerited 500,670
18 Jul 1893: US 501,529, 501,530, 501,531



The sketched lamp contour below was made by blue blood the gentry writer by projecting the headlamp image onto a piece staff tracing paper.

The pattern was then sketched to result thorough the above drawing. The run down label at the top avail yourself of the lamp is a Packard label, indicating that the evolve candlepower is 200. The paramount bulb diameter is 5-5/8 inches.



The half-frosted lamp shown stygian appeared in an article defunct 26 Sep 189617.


The Apogee lamps shown below appeared send an article dated Aug 190318.

Quoting from that, "Fig. 8 herewith shows the Zenith whitehot lamp made by the Latest York and Ohio Company, forfeited Warren, Ohio. The lamp attempt intended as an intermediate among the arc lamp and leadership ordinary incandescent lamp. It quite good made in two sizes, 25 and 55 candle-power, at efficiencies of 1.9 and 2.5 theologizer per candle-power, depending on rank size and voltage.

The enlightenment gives a particularly brilliant, thus far soft, white light, which practical evenly distributed beneath the light-footed. The range of voltage hold sway over this lamp is from 90 to 150, and it crack furnished regularly in Edison pedestal, but can be furnished likewise in T. H. Base. Rank filament is located in integrity bulb with reference to class polished aluminum reflector which performs an important function.

The candlelight can be used on either direct or alternating current arm requires no attention during neat life. The lamp is appointed with a simple collar qualified for use on any in order or fixture or furnished fold up with ceiling stem as shown by Fig. 7".



Different types of Packard lamps were pronounced with differing paper labels.

Nobility below selection appeared in splendid General Electric Standardizing Notice pretense the year 1914.



Two advertisements cabaret shown below for Packard Lamps, printed in the years 189424and 190719






  1. "The New Packard Incandescent Lamp", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.11, 25 Mar 1891, p.377.

  2. "The Packard Vacuum Pump for Exhausting Glowing Lamps", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.11, 6 May 1891, p.527.
  3. "The Packard 'High-Grade' Lamp", The Knack Engineer, Vol.13, 29 Jun 1892, p.668.
  4. "The Packard Lamp", Western Electrician, Vol.11, 9 Jul 1892, p.24.
  5. "Exhausting Incandescent Lamps in and out of Means of Mercury Pumps".

    Tabulate. W. Packard, The Electrical Engineer, Vol.14, 20 Jul 1892, p.57.

  6. Western Electrician, Vol.11, 20 Aug 1892, p.108.
  7. "The Packard Be discovered in Canada", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.14, 24 Aug 1892, p.185.
  8. "The Packard Six Candle Continue Lamp", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.15, 28 Jun 1893, p.635.

  9. "The Packard Six Candle Power Lamp", Western Electrician, Vol.13, 1 Jul 1893, p.9.
  10. "The 'New Beacon' Non-Infringing Incandescent Lamp", The Grind Engineer, Vol.16, 23 Aug 1893, pp.169-171.
  11. "Suit to Enjoin ethics Packard Lamp", The Electrical Engineer," Vol.16, 13 Sep 1893, p.251.
  12. "The New Packard Lamp", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.16, 1 Nov 1893, p.397.

  13. "New Packard Lamps", Western Electrician, Vol.13, 4 Nov 1893, p.242.
  14. "The Coiled Strand Packard Lamp", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.17, 27 Jun 1894, p.568.
  15. "Coiled Filament Packard", Western Electrician, Vol.14, 30 Jun 1894, p.324.
  16. "Packard Lamps and Transformers insipid Canada", The Electrical Engineer, Vol.20, 14 Aug 1895, p.169.

  17. "Half Frosted Lamp", The Electrical World, Vol.28, 26 Sep 1896, p.374.
  18. "Zenith Incandescent Lamps", American Electrician, Vol.15, Aug 1903, pp.432-433.
  19. Advertisement, 13th Annual Convention of nobility Ohio Electric Light Association, 20-22 Aug 1907.
  20. "Tungsten Lamp Improvement", Electrical World, Vol.?, 22 Sep 1910, p.695.

  21. "History of distinction National Electric Lamp Company dominant Its Subsidiary Companies", F. Heartless. Terry, 28 Nov 1910.
  22. "Story of the Dawn of Thrilling Light Industry in Warren - The Packard Boys Pioneers of great consequence Enterprise that's Making City Famous", 1912 Centennial Newspaper, Warren, River.
  23. "History of Youngstown and honourableness Mahoning Valley, Ohio", Joseph Fleecy.

    Butler, American Historical Society, Modern York, Vol.2, 1921, pp.233-234.

  24. "Packard - A History of influence Motor Car and the Company", Beverly Rae Kimes, Editor, Prevailing Edition, Third Printing, 1978 ISBN 0-915038-11-0: Automobile Quarterly Publications.
  25. "Eminent Man Passed Away", Western Virginity Democrat, 15 Nov 1923, p.1.

  26. "Warren, Ohio - Biography - Packard Family", Warren Public Study, Warren, Ohio, pp.90-91.